From: Xue Fuqiao Date: Wed, 31 Jul 2013 12:59:10 +0000 (+0800) Subject: Doc fix. X-Git-Tag: emacs-24.3.90~173^2^2~42^2~45^2~387^2~1688^2~58 X-Git-Url: http://git.eshelyaron.com/gitweb/?a=commitdiff_plain;h=64a695bd9196d2036ecfbc02d69dcfdfd4ffe866;p=emacs.git Doc fix. * doc/emacs/custom.texi (Specifying File Variables): Fix cross-references. * doc/emacs/mule.texi (Unibyte Mode): Fix cross-references. * doc/lispref/nonascii.texi (Non-ASCII Characters): Update menu. (Disabling Multibyte): Move here from doc/emacs/mule.texi. Fix cross-references. * doc/lispref/elisp.texi (Top): Update menu. --- diff --git a/doc/emacs/ChangeLog b/doc/emacs/ChangeLog index 775bb9fc26b..2e962bc08fe 100644 --- a/doc/emacs/ChangeLog +++ b/doc/emacs/ChangeLog @@ -1,5 +1,9 @@ 2013-07-31 Xue Fuqiao + * custom.texi (Specifying File Variables): Fix cross-references. + + * mule.texi (Unibyte Mode): Fix cross-references. + * macos.texi (Mac / GNUstep Basics): Mention `ns-alternate-modifier'. * cal-xtra.texi (Advanced Calendar/Diary Usage): Update menu. diff --git a/doc/emacs/custom.texi b/doc/emacs/custom.texi index 45fa45191f3..f3e07fd8ba0 100644 --- a/doc/emacs/custom.texi +++ b/doc/emacs/custom.texi @@ -1166,7 +1166,10 @@ conversion of this file. @xref{Coding Systems}. @item @code{unibyte} says to load or compile a file of Emacs Lisp in unibyte -mode, if the value is @code{t}. @xref{Disabling Multibyte}. +mode, if the value is @code{t}. @xref{Disabling Multibyte, , +Disabling Multibyte Characters, elisp, GNU Emacs Lisp Reference +Manual}. + @end itemize @noindent diff --git a/doc/emacs/mule.texi b/doc/emacs/mule.texi index c8bd5027fa0..2ee7d2018a5 100644 --- a/doc/emacs/mule.texi +++ b/doc/emacs/mule.texi @@ -90,7 +90,6 @@ value to make sure Emacs interprets keyboard input correctly; see @menu * International Chars:: Basic concepts of multibyte characters. -* Disabling Multibyte:: Controlling whether to use multibyte characters. * Language Environments:: Setting things up for the language you use. * Input Methods:: Entering text characters not on your keyboard. * Select Input Method:: Specifying your choice of input methods. @@ -244,79 +243,6 @@ Character code properties: customize what to show decomposition: (65 768) ('A' '`') @end smallexample -@c FIXME? Does this section even belong in the user manual? -@c Seems more appropriate to the lispref? -@node Disabling Multibyte -@section Disabling Multibyte Characters - - By default, Emacs starts in multibyte mode: it stores the contents -of buffers and strings using an internal encoding that represents -non-@acronym{ASCII} characters using multi-byte sequences. Multibyte -mode allows you to use all the supported languages and scripts without -limitations. - -@cindex turn multibyte support on or off - Under very special circumstances, you may want to disable multibyte -character support, for a specific buffer. -When multibyte characters are disabled in a buffer, we call -that @dfn{unibyte mode}. In unibyte mode, each character in the -buffer has a character code ranging from 0 through 255 (0377 octal); 0 -through 127 (0177 octal) represent @acronym{ASCII} characters, and 128 -(0200 octal) through 255 (0377 octal) represent non-@acronym{ASCII} -characters. - - To edit a particular file in unibyte representation, visit it using -@code{find-file-literally}. @xref{Visiting}. You can convert a -multibyte buffer to unibyte by saving it to a file, killing the -buffer, and visiting the file again with @code{find-file-literally}. -Alternatively, you can use @kbd{C-x @key{RET} c} -(@code{universal-coding-system-argument}) and specify @samp{raw-text} -as the coding system with which to visit or save a file. @xref{Text -Coding}. Unlike @code{find-file-literally}, finding a file as -@samp{raw-text} doesn't disable format conversion, uncompression, or -auto mode selection. - -@c Not a single file in Emacs uses this feature. Is it really worth -@c mentioning in the _user_ manual? Also, this duplicates somewhat -@c "Loading Non-ASCII" from the lispref. -@cindex Lisp files, and multibyte operation -@cindex multibyte operation, and Lisp files -@cindex unibyte operation, and Lisp files -@cindex init file, and non-@acronym{ASCII} characters - Emacs normally loads Lisp files as multibyte. -This includes the Emacs initialization -file, @file{.emacs}, and the initialization files of packages -such as Gnus. However, you can specify unibyte loading for a -particular Lisp file, by adding an entry @samp{coding: raw-text} in a file -local variables section. @xref{Specify Coding}. -Then that file is always loaded as unibyte text. -@ignore -@c I don't see the point of this statement: -The motivation for these conventions is that it is more reliable to -always load any particular Lisp file in the same way. -@end ignore -You can also load a Lisp file as unibyte, on any one occasion, by -typing @kbd{C-x @key{RET} c raw-text @key{RET}} immediately before -loading it. - -@c See http://debbugs.gnu.org/11226 for lack of unibyte tooltip. -@vindex enable-multibyte-characters -The buffer-local variable @code{enable-multibyte-characters} is -non-@code{nil} in multibyte buffers, and @code{nil} in unibyte ones. -The mode line also indicates whether a buffer is multibyte or not. -@xref{Mode Line}. With a graphical display, in a multibyte buffer, -the portion of the mode line that indicates the character set has a -tooltip that (amongst other things) says that the buffer is multibyte. -In a unibyte buffer, the character set indicator is absent. Thus, in -a unibyte buffer (when using a graphical display) there is normally -nothing before the indication of the visited file's end-of-line -convention (colon, backslash, etc.), unless you are using an input -method. - -@findex toggle-enable-multibyte-characters -You can turn off multibyte support in a specific buffer by invoking the -command @code{toggle-enable-multibyte-characters} in that buffer. - @node Language Environments @section Language Environments @cindex language environments @@ -1591,15 +1517,13 @@ the range 0240 to 0377 octal (160 to 255 decimal) to handle the accented letters and punctuation needed by various European languages (and some non-European ones). Note that Emacs considers bytes with codes in this range as raw bytes, not as characters, even in a unibyte -buffer, i.e., if you disable multibyte characters. However, Emacs -can still handle these character codes as if they belonged to -@emph{one} of the single-byte character sets at a time. To specify -@emph{which} of these codes to use, invoke @kbd{M-x -set-language-environment} and specify a suitable language environment -such as @samp{Latin-@var{n}}. - - For more information about unibyte operation, see -@ref{Disabling Multibyte}. +buffer, i.e., if you disable multibyte characters. However, Emacs can +still handle these character codes as if they belonged to @emph{one} +of the single-byte character sets at a time. To specify @emph{which} +of these codes to use, invoke @kbd{M-x set-language-environment} and +specify a suitable language environment such as @samp{Latin-@var{n}}. +@xref{Disabling Multibyte, , Disabling Multibyte Characters, elisp, +GNU Emacs Lisp Reference Manual}. @vindex unibyte-display-via-language-environment Emacs can also display bytes in the range 160 to 255 as readable diff --git a/doc/lispref/ChangeLog b/doc/lispref/ChangeLog index 38262f05355..b7d9bbc08c5 100644 --- a/doc/lispref/ChangeLog +++ b/doc/lispref/ChangeLog @@ -1,3 +1,10 @@ +2013-07-31 Xue Fuqiao + + * nonascii.texi (Non-ASCII Characters): Update menu. + (Disabling Multibyte): Move here from doc/emacs/mule.texi. Fix cross-references. + + * elisp.texi (Top): Update menu. + 2013-07-30 Xue Fuqiao * windows.texi (Window History): Mention the default value of diff --git a/doc/lispref/elisp.texi b/doc/lispref/elisp.texi index 4b8cc36b4ea..230da1867dd 100644 --- a/doc/lispref/elisp.texi +++ b/doc/lispref/elisp.texi @@ -1194,6 +1194,7 @@ Text Properties Non-@acronym{ASCII} Characters * Text Representations:: How Emacs represents text. +* Disabling Multibyte:: Controlling whether to use multibyte characters. * Converting Representations:: Converting unibyte to multibyte and vice versa. * Selecting a Representation:: Treating a byte sequence as unibyte or multi. * Character Codes:: How unibyte and multibyte relate to diff --git a/doc/lispref/nonascii.texi b/doc/lispref/nonascii.texi index b8b62325bb4..3189d8796d6 100644 --- a/doc/lispref/nonascii.texi +++ b/doc/lispref/nonascii.texi @@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ how they are stored in strings and buffers. @menu * Text Representations:: How Emacs represents text. +* Disabling Multibyte:: Controlling whether to use multibyte characters. * Converting Representations:: Converting unibyte to multibyte and vice versa. * Selecting a Representation:: Treating a byte sequence as unibyte or multi. * Character Codes:: How unibyte and multibyte relate to @@ -140,6 +141,55 @@ This function concatenates all its argument @var{bytes} and makes the result a unibyte string. @end defun +@node Disabling Multibyte +@section Disabling Multibyte Characters +@cindex disabling multibyte + + By default, Emacs starts in multibyte mode: it stores the contents +of buffers and strings using an internal encoding that represents +non-@acronym{ASCII} characters using multi-byte sequences. Multibyte +mode allows you to use all the supported languages and scripts without +limitations. + +@cindex turn multibyte support on or off + Under very special circumstances, you may want to disable multibyte +character support, for a specific buffer. +When multibyte characters are disabled in a buffer, we call +that @dfn{unibyte mode}. In unibyte mode, each character in the +buffer has a character code ranging from 0 through 255 (0377 octal); 0 +through 127 (0177 octal) represent @acronym{ASCII} characters, and 128 +(0200 octal) through 255 (0377 octal) represent non-@acronym{ASCII} +characters. + + To edit a particular file in unibyte representation, visit it using +@code{find-file-literally}. @xref{Visiting Functions}. You can +convert a multibyte buffer to unibyte by saving it to a file, killing +the buffer, and visiting the file again with +@code{find-file-literally}. Alternatively, you can use @kbd{C-x +@key{RET} c} (@code{universal-coding-system-argument}) and specify +@samp{raw-text} as the coding system with which to visit or save a +file. @xref{Text Coding, , Specifying a Coding System for File Text, +emacs, GNU Emacs Manual}. Unlike @code{find-file-literally}, finding +a file as @samp{raw-text} doesn't disable format conversion, +uncompression, or auto mode selection. + +@c See http://debbugs.gnu.org/11226 for lack of unibyte tooltip. +@vindex enable-multibyte-characters +The buffer-local variable @code{enable-multibyte-characters} is +non-@code{nil} in multibyte buffers, and @code{nil} in unibyte ones. +The mode line also indicates whether a buffer is multibyte or not. +With a graphical display, in a multibyte buffer, the portion of the +mode line that indicates the character set has a tooltip that (amongst +other things) says that the buffer is multibyte. In a unibyte buffer, +the character set indicator is absent. Thus, in a unibyte buffer +(when using a graphical display) there is normally nothing before the +indication of the visited file's end-of-line convention (colon, +backslash, etc.), unless you are using an input method. + +@findex toggle-enable-multibyte-characters +You can turn off multibyte support in a specific buffer by invoking the +command @code{toggle-enable-multibyte-characters} in that buffer. + @node Converting Representations @section Converting Text Representations