LSP), see the thread starting at
https://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/emacs-devel/2023-09/msg00609.html
+** Add indentation guide support to the display engine
+Support vertical lines that indicate the current level of indentation,
+which is useful when editing source code. This feature should be
+implemented in the display engine.
+
+See the indent-bars package, which implements this in Emacs Lisp:
+https://github.com/jdtsmith/indent-bars
+
** FFI (foreign function interface)
See e.g. https://lists.gnu.org/r/emacs-devel/2013-10/msg00246.html