detours.
To exclude cache-related problems, flush all caches before running the
-test, @ref{Cleanup remote connections}.
+test, @ref{Cleanup remote connections}. Alternatively, and often
+better for analysis, reproduce the problem in a clean Emacs session
+started with @command{emacs -Q}. Then, @value{tramp} does not load
+the persistency file (@pxref{Connection caching}), and it does not use
+passwords from @file{auth-source.el} (@pxref{Password handling}).
When including @value{tramp}'s messages in the bug report, increase
the verbosity level to 6 (@pxref{Traces and Profiles, Traces}) in the