2009-07-10 Glenn Morris <rgm@gnu.org>
+ * elisp.texi, vol1.texi, vol2.texi: Update @detailmenu.
+
* customize.texi (Customization Types):
* display.texi (Abstract Display):
* objects.texi (Character Type, String Type):
Appendices
* Antinews:: Info for users downgrading to Emacs 22.
-* GNU Free Documentation License:: The license for this documentation
+* GNU Free Documentation License:: The license for this documentation.
* GPL:: Conditions for copying and changing GNU Emacs.
* Tips:: Advice and coding conventions for Emacs Lisp.
* GNU Emacs Internals:: Building and dumping Emacs;
* Some Terms:: Explanation of terms we use in this manual.
* nil and t:: How the symbols @code{nil} and @code{t} are used.
* Evaluation Notation:: The format we use for examples of evaluation.
-* Printing Notation:: The format we use for examples that print output.
+* Printing Notation:: The format we use when examples print text.
* Error Messages:: The format we use for examples of errors.
* Buffer Text Notation:: The format we use for buffer contents in examples.
* Format of Descriptions:: Notation for describing functions, variables, etc.
* Comments:: Comments and their formatting conventions.
* Programming Types:: Types found in all Lisp systems.
* Editing Types:: Types specific to Emacs.
-* Circular Objects:: Read syntax for circular structure.
+* Circular Objects:: Read syntax for circular structure.
* Type Predicates:: Tests related to types.
* Equality Predicates:: Tests of equality between any two objects.
* Character Type:: The representation of letters, numbers and
control characters.
* Symbol Type:: A multi-use object that refers to a function,
- variable, property list, or itself.
+ variable, or property list, and has a unique identity.
* Sequence Type:: Both lists and arrays are classified as sequences.
* Cons Cell Type:: Cons cells, and lists (which are made from cons cells).
* Array Type:: Arrays include strings and vectors.
Cons Cell and List Types
* Box Diagrams:: Drawing pictures of lists.
-* Dotted Pair Notation:: An alternative syntax for lists.
+* Dotted Pair Notation:: A general syntax for cons cells.
* Association List Type:: A specially constructed list.
String Type
* Buffer Type:: The basic object of editing.
* Marker Type:: A position in a buffer.
-* Window Type:: What makes buffers visible.
+* Window Type:: Buffers are displayed in windows.
* Frame Type:: Windows subdivide frames.
* Terminal Type:: A terminal device displays frames.
* Window Configuration Type:: Recording the way a frame is subdivided.
* String Basics:: Basic properties of strings and characters.
* Predicates for Strings:: Testing whether an object is a string or char.
* Creating Strings:: Functions to allocate new strings.
-* Modifying Strings:: Altering the contents of an existing string.
+* Modifying Strings:: Altering the contents of an existing string.
* Text Comparison:: Comparing characters or strings.
-* String Conversion:: Converting characters to strings and vice versa.
+* String Conversion:: Converting to and from characters and strings.
* Formatting Strings:: @code{format}: Emacs's analogue of @code{printf}.
* Case Conversion:: Case conversion functions.
* Case Tables:: Customizing case conversion.
* Creating Hash:: Functions to create hash tables.
* Hash Access:: Reading and writing the hash table contents.
-* Defining Hash:: Defining new comparison methods
+* Defining Hash:: Defining new comparison methods.
* Other Hash:: Miscellaneous.
Symbols
* Processing of Errors:: What Emacs does when you report an error.
* Handling Errors:: How you can trap errors and continue execution.
* Error Symbols:: How errors are classified for trapping them.
-* Standard Errors:: List of all error symbols.
Variables
* Variable Scoping:: How Lisp chooses among local and global values.
* Buffer-Local Variables:: Variable values in effect only in one buffer.
* File Local Variables:: Handling local variable lists in files.
-* Directory Local Variables:: Local variables common to all files in a directory.
+* Directory Local Variables:: Local variables common to all files in a
+ directory.
* Frame-Local Variables:: Frame-local bindings for variables.
* Variable Aliases:: Variables that are aliases for other variables.
* Variables with Restricted Values:: Non-constant variables whose value can
@emph{not} be an arbitrary Lisp object.
-* Standard Buffer-Local Variables::
- List of variables buffer-local in all buffers.
Scoping Rules for Variable Bindings
Functions
-* What Is a Function:: Lisp functions vs primitives; terminology.
+* What Is a Function:: Lisp functions vs. primitives; terminology.
* Lambda Expressions:: How functions are expressed as Lisp objects.
* Function Names:: A symbol can serve as the name of a function.
* Defining Functions:: Lisp expressions for defining functions.
* Calling Functions:: How to use an existing function.
* Mapping Functions:: Applying a function to each element of a list, etc.
-* Anonymous Functions:: Lambda-expressions are functions with no names.
+* Anonymous Functions:: Lambda expressions are functions with no names.
* Function Cells:: Accessing or setting the function definition
of a symbol.
* Obsolete Functions:: Declaring functions obsolete.
-* Inline Functions:: Defining functions that the compiler will open code.
+* Inline Functions:: Defining functions that the compiler
+ will open code.
+* Declaring Functions:: Telling the compiler that a function is defined.
* Function Safety:: Determining whether a function is safe to call.
* Related Topics:: Cross-references to specific Lisp primitives
that have a special bearing on how
* Edebug and Macros:: Specifying how to handle macro calls.
* Edebug Options:: Option variables for customizing Edebug.
+Breaks
+
+* Breakpoints:: Breakpoints at stop points.
+* Global Break Condition:: Breaking on an event.
+* Source Breakpoints:: Embedding breakpoints in source code.
+
+The Outside Context
+
+* Checking Whether to Stop::When Edebug decides what to do.
+* Edebug Display Update:: When Edebug updates the display.
+* Edebug Recursive Edit:: When Edebug stops execution.
+
+Edebug and Macros
+
+* Instrumenting Macro Calls::The basic problem.
+* Specification List:: How to specify complex patterns of evaluation.
+* Backtracking:: What Edebug does when matching fails.
+* Specification Examples:: To help understand specifications.
+
Debugging Invalid Lisp Syntax
* Excess Open:: How to find a spurious open paren or missing close.
* Reading File Names:: Using completion to read file names and
shell commands.
* Completion Styles:: Specifying rules for performing completion.
-* Programmed Completion:: Finding the completions for a given file name.
+* Programmed Completion:: Writing your own completion-function.
Command Loop
* Misc Events:: Other events the system can generate.
* Event Examples:: Examples of the lists for mouse events.
* Classifying Events:: Finding the modifier keys in an event symbol.
+ Event types.
* Accessing Mouse:: Functions to extract info from mouse events.
* Accessing Scroll:: Functions to get info from scroll bar events.
* Strings of Events:: Special considerations for putting
* Controlling Active Maps:: Each buffer has a local keymap
to override the standard (global) bindings.
A minor mode can also override them.
-* Key Lookup:: How extracting elements from keymaps works.
+* Key Lookup:: Finding a key's binding in one keymap.
* Functions for Key Lookup:: How to request key lookup.
* Changing Key Bindings:: Redefining a key in a keymap.
* Remapping Commands:: A keymap can translate one command to another.
* Translation Keymaps:: Keymaps for translating sequences of events.
* Key Binding Commands:: Interactive interfaces for redefining keys.
* Scanning Keymaps:: Looking through all keymaps, for printing help.
-* Menu Keymaps:: A keymap can define a menu for X
- or for use from the terminal.
-* Standard Keymaps:: List of standard keymaps.
-
-Major and Minor Modes
-
-* Hooks:: How to use hooks; how to write code that
- provides hooks.
-* Major Modes:: Defining major modes.
-* Minor Modes:: Defining minor modes.
-* Mode Line Format:: Customizing the text that appears in the mode line.
-* Imenu:: How a mode can provide a menu
- of definitions in the buffer.
-* Font Lock Mode:: How modes can highlight text according to syntax.
-* Desktop Save Mode:: How modes can have buffer state saved between
- Emacs sessions.
+* Menu Keymaps:: Defining a menu as a keymap.
Menu Keymaps
* Desktop Save Mode:: How modes can have buffer state saved between
Emacs sessions.
+Hooks
+
+* Running Hooks:: How to run a hook.
+* Setting Hooks:: How to put functions on a hook, or remove them.
+
Major Modes
* Major Mode Basics::
* Major Mode Conventions:: Coding conventions for keymaps, etc.
-* Example Major Modes:: Text mode and Lisp modes.
* Auto Major Mode:: How Emacs chooses the major mode automatically.
* Mode Help:: Finding out how to use a mode.
* Derived Modes:: Defining a new major mode based on another major
* Generic Modes:: Defining a simple major mode that supports
comment syntax and Font Lock mode.
* Mode Hooks:: Hooks run at the end of major mode functions.
+* Example Major Modes:: Text mode and Lisp modes.
Minor Modes
Mode Line Format
-* Mode Line Basics::
+* Mode Line Basics:: Basic ideas of mode line control.
* Mode Line Data:: The data structure that controls the mode line.
+* Mode Line Top:: The top level variable, mode-line-format.
* Mode Line Variables:: Variables used in that data structure.
* %-Constructs:: Putting information into a mode line.
* Properties in Mode:: Using text properties in the mode line.
Multiline Font Lock Constructs
-* Font Lock Multiline:: Marking multiline chunks with a text property
+* Font Lock Multiline:: Marking multiline chunks with a text property.
* Region to Fontify:: Controlling which region gets refontified
after a buffer change.
* Visiting Files:: Reading files into Emacs buffers for editing.
* Saving Buffers:: Writing changed buffers back into files.
-* Reading from Files:: Reading files into other buffers.
+* Reading from Files:: Reading files into buffers without visiting.
* Writing to Files:: Writing new files from parts of buffers.
* File Locks:: Locking and unlocking files, to prevent
simultaneous editing by two people.
File Names
* File Name Components:: The directory part of a file name, and the rest.
-* Relative File Names:: Some file names are relative to a
- current directory.
+* Relative File Names:: Some file names are relative to a current directory.
* Directory Names:: A directory's name as a directory
is different from its name as a file.
* File Name Expansion:: Converting relative file names to absolute ones.
* Standard File Names:: If your package uses a fixed file name,
how to handle various operating systems simply.
+File Format Conversion
+
+* Format Conversion Overview:: @code{insert-file-contents} and @code{write-region}
+* Format Conversion Round-Trip:: Using @code{format-alist}.
+* Format Conversion Piecemeal:: Specifying non-paired conversion.
+
Backups and Auto-Saving
* Backup Files:: How backup files are made; how their names
* Buffer Basics:: What is a buffer?
* Current Buffer:: Designating a buffer as current
- so primitives will access its contents.
+ so that primitives will access its contents.
* Buffer Names:: Accessing and changing buffer names.
* Buffer File Name:: The buffer file name indicates which file
is visited.
* Input Focus:: Specifying the selected frame.
* Visibility of Frames:: Frames may be visible or invisible, or icons.
* Raising and Lowering:: Raising a frame makes it hide other windows;
- lowering it puts it underneath the others.
+ lowering it makes the others hide it.
* Frame Configurations:: Saving the state of all frames.
* Mouse Tracking:: Getting events that say when the mouse moves.
* Mouse Position:: Asking where the mouse is, or moving it.
* Pop-Up Menus:: Displaying a menu for the user to select from.
* Dialog Boxes:: Displaying a box to ask yes or no.
* Pointer Shape:: Specifying the shape of the mouse pointer.
-* Window System Selections::Transferring text to and from other windows.
+* Window System Selections::Transferring text to and from other X clients.
* Drag and Drop:: Internals of Drag-and-Drop implementation.
* Color Names:: Getting the definitions of color names.
* Text Terminal Colors:: Defining colors for text-only terminals.
* Buffer Parameters:: Which buffers have been or should be shown.
* Management Parameters:: Communicating with the window manager.
* Cursor Parameters:: Controlling the cursor appearance.
-* Font and Color Parameters:: Colors of various parts of the frame.
+* Font and Color Parameters:: Fonts and colors for the frame text.
Positions
* Overview of Markers:: The components of a marker, and how it relocates.
* Predicates on Markers:: Testing whether an object is a marker.
* Creating Markers:: Making empty markers or markers at certain places.
-* Information from Markers::Finding the marker's buffer or character
- position.
+* Information from Markers::Finding the marker's buffer or character position.
* Marker Insertion Types:: Two ways a marker can relocate when you
insert where it points.
* Moving Markers:: Moving the marker to a new buffer or position.
* Yanking:: How yanking is done.
* Yank Commands:: Commands that access the kill ring.
* Low-Level Kill Ring:: Functions and variables for kill ring access.
-* Internals of Kill Ring:: Variables that hold kill-ring data.
+* Internals of Kill Ring:: Variables that hold kill ring data.
Indentation
* Not Intervals:: Why text properties do not use
Lisp-visible text intervals.
-Non-ASCII Characters
+Non-@acronym{ASCII} Characters
-* Text Representations:: Unibyte and multibyte representations
+* Text Representations:: How Emacs represents text.
* Converting Representations:: Converting unibyte to multibyte and vice versa.
* Selecting a Representation:: Treating a byte sequence as unibyte or multi.
* Character Codes:: How unibyte and multibyte relate to
* Low-Level Parsing:: Parsing across a specified region.
* Control Parsing:: Parameters that affect parsing.
-Abbrevs And Abbrev Expansion
+Abbrevs and Abbrev Expansion
* Abbrev Mode:: Setting up Emacs for abbreviation.
* Abbrev Tables:: Creating and working with abbrev tables.
* Abbrev Files:: Saving abbrevs in files.
* Abbrev Expansion:: Controlling expansion; expansion subroutines.
* Standard Abbrev Tables:: Abbrev tables used by various major modes.
+* Abbrev Properties:: How to read and set abbrev properties.
+ Which properties have which effect.
+* Abbrev Table Properties:: How to read and set abbrev table properties.
+ Which properties have which effect.
Processes
* Datagrams:: UDP network connections.
* Low-Level Network:: Lower-level but more general function
to create connections and servers.
-* Misc Network:: Additional relevant functions for network connections.
+* Misc Network:: Additional relevant functions for
+ network connections.
* Serial Ports:: Communicating with serial ports.
* Byte Packing:: Using bindat to pack and unpack binary data.
Low-Level Network Access
-* Proc: Network Processes. Using @code{make-network-process}.
-* Options: Network Options. Further control over network connections.
-* Features: Network Feature Testing.
- Determining which network features work on
+* Network Processes:: Using @code{make-network-process}.
+* Network Options:: Further control over network connections.
+* Network Feature Testing:: Determining which network features work on
the machine you are using.
Packing and Unpacking Byte Arrays
* Buttons:: Adding clickable buttons to Emacs buffers.
* Abstract Display:: Emacs' Widget for Object Collections.
* Blinking:: How Emacs shows the matching open parenthesis.
-* Usual Display:: The usual conventions for displaying nonprinting chars.
+* Usual Display:: The usual conventions for displaying
+ nonprinting chars.
* Display Tables:: How to specify other conventions.
* Beeping:: Audible signal to the user.
* Window Systems:: Which window system is being used.
Reporting Warnings
* Warning Basics:: Warnings concepts and functions to report them.
-* Warning Variables:: Variables programs bind to customize their warnings.
+* Warning Variables:: Variables programs bind to customize
+ their warnings.
* Warning Options:: Variables users set to control display of warnings.
Overlays
and information about them.
* Fontsets:: A fontset is a collection of fonts
that handle a range of character sets.
-* Low-Level Font:: Lisp representation of character display fonts.
+* Low-Level Font:: Lisp representation for character display fonts.
Fringes
The @code{display} Property
+* Replacing Specs:: Display specs that replace the text.
* Specified Space:: Displaying one space with a specified width.
* Pixel Specification:: Specifying space width or height in pixels.
* Other Display Specs:: Displaying an image; magnifying text; moving it
Images
+* Image Formats:: Supported image formats.
* Image Descriptors:: How to specify an image for use in @code{:display}.
* XBM Images:: Special features for XBM format.
* XPM Images:: Special features for XPM format.
* GIF Images:: Special features for GIF format.
+* TIFF Images:: Special features for TIFF format.
* PostScript Images:: Special features for PostScript format.
* Other Image Types:: Various other formats are supported.
* Defining Images:: Convenient ways to define an image for later use.
Operating System Interface
-* Starting Up:: Customizing Emacs start-up processing.
+* Starting Up:: Customizing Emacs startup processing.
* Getting Out:: How exiting works (permanent or temporary).
* System Environment:: Distinguish the name and kind of system.
* User Identification:: Finding the name and user id of the user.
* Time of Day:: Getting the current time.
-* Time Conversion:: Converting a time from numeric form to a string, or
- to calendrical data (or vice versa).
+* Time Conversion:: Converting a time from numeric form to
+ calendrical data and vice versa.
* Time Parsing:: Converting a time from numeric form to text
and vice versa.
* Processor Run Time:: Getting the run time used by Emacs.
* Time Calculations:: Adding, subtracting, comparing times, etc.
-* Timers:: Setting a timer to call a function at a certain time.
+* Timers:: Setting a timer to call a function at a
+ certain time.
* Idle Timers:: Setting a timer to call a function when Emacs has
been idle for a certain length of time.
* Terminal Input:: Accessing and recording terminal input.
* Sound Output:: Playing sounds on the computer's speaker.
* X11 Keysyms:: Operating on key symbols for X Windows
* Batch Mode:: Running Emacs without terminal interaction.
-* Session Management:: Saving and restoring state with X Session Management.
+* Session Management:: Saving and restoring state with
+ X Session Management.
Starting Up Emacs
-* Startup Summary:: Sequence of actions Emacs performs at start-up.
-* Init File:: Details on reading the init file (@file{.emacs}).
+* Startup Summary:: Sequence of actions Emacs performs at startup.
+* Init File:: Details on reading the init file.
* Terminal-Specific:: How the terminal-specific Lisp file is read.
* Command-Line Arguments:: How command-line arguments are processed,
and how you can customize them.
@include compile.texi
@include advice.texi
+@c This includes edebug.texi.
@include debugging.texi
@include streams.texi
@include minibuf.texi
@c This file is used for printing the GNU Emacs Lisp Reference Manual
@c in two volumes. It is a modified version of elisp.texi.
@c Copyright (C) 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1998, 1999, 2001,
-@c 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+@c 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009
+@c Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@c %**start of header
@setfilename elisp
@settitle GNU Emacs Lisp Reference Manual: Volume 1
Appendices
* Antinews:: Info for users downgrading to Emacs 22.
-* GNU Free Documentation License:: The license for this documentation
+* GNU Free Documentation License:: The license for this documentation.
* GPL:: Conditions for copying and changing GNU Emacs.
* Tips:: Advice and coding conventions for Emacs Lisp.
* GNU Emacs Internals:: Building and dumping Emacs;
* Some Terms:: Explanation of terms we use in this manual.
* nil and t:: How the symbols @code{nil} and @code{t} are used.
* Evaluation Notation:: The format we use for examples of evaluation.
-* Printing Notation:: The format we use for examples that print output.
+* Printing Notation:: The format we use when examples print text.
* Error Messages:: The format we use for examples of errors.
* Buffer Text Notation:: The format we use for buffer contents in examples.
* Format of Descriptions:: Notation for describing functions, variables, etc.
* Character Type:: The representation of letters, numbers and
control characters.
* Symbol Type:: A multi-use object that refers to a function,
- variable, property list, or itself.
+ variable, or property list, and has a unique identity.
* Sequence Type:: Both lists and arrays are classified as sequences.
* Cons Cell Type:: Cons cells, and lists (which are made from cons cells).
* Array Type:: Arrays include strings and vectors.
Cons Cell and List Types
* Box Diagrams:: Drawing pictures of lists.
-* Dotted Pair Notation:: An alternative syntax for lists.
+* Dotted Pair Notation:: A general syntax for cons cells.
* Association List Type:: A specially constructed list.
String Type
* Buffer Type:: The basic object of editing.
* Marker Type:: A position in a buffer.
-* Window Type:: What makes buffers visible.
+* Window Type:: Buffers are displayed in windows.
* Frame Type:: Windows subdivide frames.
* Terminal Type:: A terminal device displays frames.
* Window Configuration Type:: Recording the way a frame is subdivided.
* Creating Strings:: Functions to allocate new strings.
* Modifying Strings:: Altering the contents of an existing string.
* Text Comparison:: Comparing characters or strings.
-* String Conversion:: Converting characters to strings and vice versa.
+* String Conversion:: Converting to and from characters and strings.
* Formatting Strings:: @code{format}: Emacs's analogue of @code{printf}.
* Case Conversion:: Case conversion functions.
* Case Tables:: Customizing case conversion.
* Creating Hash:: Functions to create hash tables.
* Hash Access:: Reading and writing the hash table contents.
-* Defining Hash:: Defining new comparison methods
+* Defining Hash:: Defining new comparison methods.
* Other Hash:: Miscellaneous.
Symbols
* Processing of Errors:: What Emacs does when you report an error.
* Handling Errors:: How you can trap errors and continue execution.
* Error Symbols:: How errors are classified for trapping them.
-* Standard Errors:: List of all error symbols.
Variables
* Variable Scoping:: How Lisp chooses among local and global values.
* Buffer-Local Variables:: Variable values in effect only in one buffer.
* File Local Variables:: Handling local variable lists in files.
-* Directory Local Variables:: Local variables common to all files in a directory.
+* Directory Local Variables:: Local variables common to all files in a
+ directory.
* Frame-Local Variables:: Frame-local bindings for variables.
* Variable Aliases:: Variables that are aliases for other variables.
* Variables with Restricted Values:: Non-constant variables whose value can
@emph{not} be an arbitrary Lisp object.
-* Standard Buffer-Local Variables::
- List of variables buffer-local in all buffers.
Scoping Rules for Variable Bindings
Functions
-* What Is a Function:: Lisp functions vs primitives; terminology.
+* What Is a Function:: Lisp functions vs. primitives; terminology.
* Lambda Expressions:: How functions are expressed as Lisp objects.
* Function Names:: A symbol can serve as the name of a function.
* Defining Functions:: Lisp expressions for defining functions.
* Calling Functions:: How to use an existing function.
* Mapping Functions:: Applying a function to each element of a list, etc.
-* Anonymous Functions:: Lambda-expressions are functions with no names.
+* Anonymous Functions:: Lambda expressions are functions with no names.
* Function Cells:: Accessing or setting the function definition
of a symbol.
* Obsolete Functions:: Declaring functions obsolete.
-* Inline Functions:: Defining functions that the compiler will open code.
+* Inline Functions:: Defining functions that the compiler
+ will open code.
+* Declaring Functions:: Telling the compiler that a function is defined.
* Function Safety:: Determining whether a function is safe to call.
* Related Topics:: Cross-references to specific Lisp primitives
that have a special bearing on how
* Edebug and Macros:: Specifying how to handle macro calls.
* Edebug Options:: Option variables for customizing Edebug.
+Breaks
+
+* Breakpoints:: Breakpoints at stop points.
+* Global Break Condition:: Breaking on an event.
+* Source Breakpoints:: Embedding breakpoints in source code.
+
+The Outside Context
+
+* Checking Whether to Stop::When Edebug decides what to do.
+* Edebug Display Update:: When Edebug updates the display.
+* Edebug Recursive Edit:: When Edebug stops execution.
+
+Edebug and Macros
+
+* Instrumenting Macro Calls::The basic problem.
+* Specification List:: How to specify complex patterns of evaluation.
+* Backtracking:: What Edebug does when matching fails.
+* Specification Examples:: To help understand specifications.
+
Debugging Invalid Lisp Syntax
* Excess Open:: How to find a spurious open paren or missing close.
* Reading File Names:: Using completion to read file names and
shell commands.
* Completion Styles:: Specifying rules for performing completion.
-* Programmed Completion:: Finding the completions for a given file name.
+* Programmed Completion:: Writing your own completion-function.
Command Loop
* Misc Events:: Other events the system can generate.
* Event Examples:: Examples of the lists for mouse events.
* Classifying Events:: Finding the modifier keys in an event symbol.
+ Event types.
* Accessing Mouse:: Functions to extract info from mouse events.
* Accessing Scroll:: Functions to get info from scroll bar events.
* Strings of Events:: Special considerations for putting
* Controlling Active Maps:: Each buffer has a local keymap
to override the standard (global) bindings.
A minor mode can also override them.
-* Key Lookup:: How extracting elements from keymaps works.
+* Key Lookup:: Finding a key's binding in one keymap.
* Functions for Key Lookup:: How to request key lookup.
* Changing Key Bindings:: Redefining a key in a keymap.
* Remapping Commands:: A keymap can translate one command to another.
* Translation Keymaps:: Keymaps for translating sequences of events.
* Key Binding Commands:: Interactive interfaces for redefining keys.
* Scanning Keymaps:: Looking through all keymaps, for printing help.
-* Menu Keymaps:: A keymap can define a menu for X
- or for use from the terminal.
-* Standard Keymaps:: List of standard keymaps.
-
-Major and Minor Modes
-
-* Hooks:: How to use hooks; how to write code that
- provides hooks.
-* Major Modes:: Defining major modes.
-* Minor Modes:: Defining minor modes.
-* Mode Line Format:: Customizing the text that appears in the mode line.
-* Imenu:: How a mode can provide a menu
- of definitions in the buffer.
-* Font Lock Mode:: How modes can highlight text according to syntax.
-* Desktop Save Mode:: How modes can have buffer state saved between
- Emacs sessions.
+* Menu Keymaps:: Defining a menu as a keymap.
Menu Keymaps
* Desktop Save Mode:: How modes can have buffer state saved between
Emacs sessions.
+Hooks
+
+* Running Hooks:: How to run a hook.
+* Setting Hooks:: How to put functions on a hook, or remove them.
+
Major Modes
* Major Mode Basics::
* Major Mode Conventions:: Coding conventions for keymaps, etc.
-* Example Major Modes:: Text mode and Lisp modes.
* Auto Major Mode:: How Emacs chooses the major mode automatically.
* Mode Help:: Finding out how to use a mode.
* Derived Modes:: Defining a new major mode based on another major
* Generic Modes:: Defining a simple major mode that supports
comment syntax and Font Lock mode.
* Mode Hooks:: Hooks run at the end of major mode functions.
+* Example Major Modes:: Text mode and Lisp modes.
Minor Modes
Mode Line Format
-* Mode Line Basics::
+* Mode Line Basics:: Basic ideas of mode line control.
* Mode Line Data:: The data structure that controls the mode line.
+* Mode Line Top:: The top level variable, mode-line-format.
* Mode Line Variables:: Variables used in that data structure.
* %-Constructs:: Putting information into a mode line.
* Properties in Mode:: Using text properties in the mode line.
Multiline Font Lock Constructs
-* Font Lock Multiline:: Marking multiline chunks with a text property
+* Font Lock Multiline:: Marking multiline chunks with a text property.
* Region to Fontify:: Controlling which region gets refontified
after a buffer change.
* Visiting Files:: Reading files into Emacs buffers for editing.
* Saving Buffers:: Writing changed buffers back into files.
-* Reading from Files:: Reading files into other buffers.
+* Reading from Files:: Reading files into buffers without visiting.
* Writing to Files:: Writing new files from parts of buffers.
* File Locks:: Locking and unlocking files, to prevent
simultaneous editing by two people.
File Names
* File Name Components:: The directory part of a file name, and the rest.
-* Relative File Names:: Some file names are relative to a
- current directory.
+* Relative File Names:: Some file names are relative to a current directory.
* Directory Names:: A directory's name as a directory
is different from its name as a file.
* File Name Expansion:: Converting relative file names to absolute ones.
* Standard File Names:: If your package uses a fixed file name,
how to handle various operating systems simply.
+File Format Conversion
+
+* Format Conversion Overview:: @code{insert-file-contents} and @code{write-region}
+* Format Conversion Round-Trip:: Using @code{format-alist}.
+* Format Conversion Piecemeal:: Specifying non-paired conversion.
+
Backups and Auto-Saving
* Backup Files:: How backup files are made; how their names
* Buffer Basics:: What is a buffer?
* Current Buffer:: Designating a buffer as current
- so primitives will access its contents.
+ so that primitives will access its contents.
* Buffer Names:: Accessing and changing buffer names.
* Buffer File Name:: The buffer file name indicates which file
is visited.
* Input Focus:: Specifying the selected frame.
* Visibility of Frames:: Frames may be visible or invisible, or icons.
* Raising and Lowering:: Raising a frame makes it hide other windows;
- lowering it puts it underneath the others.
+ lowering it makes the others hide it.
* Frame Configurations:: Saving the state of all frames.
* Mouse Tracking:: Getting events that say when the mouse moves.
* Mouse Position:: Asking where the mouse is, or moving it.
* Pop-Up Menus:: Displaying a menu for the user to select from.
* Dialog Boxes:: Displaying a box to ask yes or no.
* Pointer Shape:: Specifying the shape of the mouse pointer.
-* Window System Selections::Transferring text to and from other windows.
+* Window System Selections::Transferring text to and from other X clients.
* Drag and Drop:: Internals of Drag-and-Drop implementation.
* Color Names:: Getting the definitions of color names.
* Text Terminal Colors:: Defining colors for text-only terminals.
* Buffer Parameters:: Which buffers have been or should be shown.
* Management Parameters:: Communicating with the window manager.
* Cursor Parameters:: Controlling the cursor appearance.
-* Font and Color Parameters:: Colors of various parts of the frame.
+* Font and Color Parameters:: Fonts and colors for the frame text.
Positions
* Overview of Markers:: The components of a marker, and how it relocates.
* Predicates on Markers:: Testing whether an object is a marker.
* Creating Markers:: Making empty markers or markers at certain places.
-* Information from Markers::Finding the marker's buffer or character
- position.
+* Information from Markers::Finding the marker's buffer or character position.
* Marker Insertion Types:: Two ways a marker can relocate when you
insert where it points.
* Moving Markers:: Moving the marker to a new buffer or position.
* Yanking:: How yanking is done.
* Yank Commands:: Commands that access the kill ring.
* Low-Level Kill Ring:: Functions and variables for kill ring access.
-* Internals of Kill Ring:: Variables that hold kill-ring data.
+* Internals of Kill Ring:: Variables that hold kill ring data.
Indentation
* Not Intervals:: Why text properties do not use
Lisp-visible text intervals.
-Non-ASCII Characters
+Non-@acronym{ASCII} Characters
-* Text Representations:: Unibyte and multibyte representations
+* Text Representations:: How Emacs represents text.
* Converting Representations:: Converting unibyte to multibyte and vice versa.
* Selecting a Representation:: Treating a byte sequence as unibyte or multi.
* Character Codes:: How unibyte and multibyte relate to
* Low-Level Parsing:: Parsing across a specified region.
* Control Parsing:: Parameters that affect parsing.
-Abbrevs And Abbrev Expansion
+Abbrevs and Abbrev Expansion
* Abbrev Mode:: Setting up Emacs for abbreviation.
* Abbrev Tables:: Creating and working with abbrev tables.
* Abbrev Files:: Saving abbrevs in files.
* Abbrev Expansion:: Controlling expansion; expansion subroutines.
* Standard Abbrev Tables:: Abbrev tables used by various major modes.
+* Abbrev Properties:: How to read and set abbrev properties.
+ Which properties have which effect.
+* Abbrev Table Properties:: How to read and set abbrev table properties.
+ Which properties have which effect.
Processes
* Datagrams:: UDP network connections.
* Low-Level Network:: Lower-level but more general function
to create connections and servers.
-* Misc Network:: Additional relevant functions for network connections.
+* Misc Network:: Additional relevant functions for
+ network connections.
* Serial Ports:: Communicating with serial ports.
* Byte Packing:: Using bindat to pack and unpack binary data.
Low-Level Network Access
-* Proc: Network Processes. Using @code{make-network-process}.
-* Options: Network Options. Further control over network connections.
-* Features: Network Feature Testing.
- Determining which network features work on
+* Network Processes:: Using @code{make-network-process}.
+* Network Options:: Further control over network connections.
+* Network Feature Testing:: Determining which network features work on
the machine you are using.
Packing and Unpacking Byte Arrays
* Buttons:: Adding clickable buttons to Emacs buffers.
* Abstract Display:: Emacs' Widget for Object Collections.
* Blinking:: How Emacs shows the matching open parenthesis.
-* Usual Display:: The usual conventions for displaying nonprinting chars.
+* Usual Display:: The usual conventions for displaying
+ nonprinting chars.
* Display Tables:: How to specify other conventions.
* Beeping:: Audible signal to the user.
* Window Systems:: Which window system is being used.
Reporting Warnings
* Warning Basics:: Warnings concepts and functions to report them.
-* Warning Variables:: Variables programs bind to customize their warnings.
+* Warning Variables:: Variables programs bind to customize
+ their warnings.
* Warning Options:: Variables users set to control display of warnings.
Overlays
and information about them.
* Fontsets:: A fontset is a collection of fonts
that handle a range of character sets.
-* Low-Level Font:: Lisp representation of character display fonts.
+* Low-Level Font:: Lisp representation for character display fonts.
Fringes
The @code{display} Property
+* Replacing Specs:: Display specs that replace the text.
* Specified Space:: Displaying one space with a specified width.
* Pixel Specification:: Specifying space width or height in pixels.
* Other Display Specs:: Displaying an image; magnifying text; moving it
Images
+* Image Formats:: Supported image formats.
* Image Descriptors:: How to specify an image for use in @code{:display}.
* XBM Images:: Special features for XBM format.
* XPM Images:: Special features for XPM format.
* GIF Images:: Special features for GIF format.
+* TIFF Images:: Special features for TIFF format.
* PostScript Images:: Special features for PostScript format.
* Other Image Types:: Various other formats are supported.
* Defining Images:: Convenient ways to define an image for later use.
Operating System Interface
-* Starting Up:: Customizing Emacs start-up processing.
+* Starting Up:: Customizing Emacs startup processing.
* Getting Out:: How exiting works (permanent or temporary).
* System Environment:: Distinguish the name and kind of system.
* User Identification:: Finding the name and user id of the user.
* Time of Day:: Getting the current time.
-* Time Conversion:: Converting a time from numeric form to a string, or
- to calendrical data (or vice versa).
+* Time Conversion:: Converting a time from numeric form to
+ calendrical data and vice versa.
* Time Parsing:: Converting a time from numeric form to text
and vice versa.
* Processor Run Time:: Getting the run time used by Emacs.
* Time Calculations:: Adding, subtracting, comparing times, etc.
-* Timers:: Setting a timer to call a function at a certain time.
+* Timers:: Setting a timer to call a function at a
+ certain time.
* Idle Timers:: Setting a timer to call a function when Emacs has
been idle for a certain length of time.
* Terminal Input:: Accessing and recording terminal input.
* Sound Output:: Playing sounds on the computer's speaker.
* X11 Keysyms:: Operating on key symbols for X Windows
* Batch Mode:: Running Emacs without terminal interaction.
-* Session Management:: Saving and restoring state with X Session Management.
+* Session Management:: Saving and restoring state with
+ X Session Management.
Starting Up Emacs
-* Startup Summary:: Sequence of actions Emacs performs at start-up.
-* Init File:: Details on reading the init file (@file{.emacs}).
+* Startup Summary:: Sequence of actions Emacs performs at startup.
+* Init File:: Details on reading the init file.
* Terminal-Specific:: How the terminal-specific Lisp file is read.
* Command-Line Arguments:: How command-line arguments are processed,
and how you can customize them.
@include compile.texi
@include advice.texi
+@c This includes edebug.texi.
@include debugging.texi
@include streams.texi
@include minibuf.texi
@c This file is used for printing the GNU Emacs Lisp Reference Manual
@c in two volumes. It is a modified version of elisp.texi.
@c Copyright (C) 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1998, 1999, 2001,
-@c 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+@c 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009
+@c Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@c %**start of header
@setfilename elisp
@settitle GNU Emacs Lisp Reference Manual: Volume 2
Appendices
* Antinews:: Info for users downgrading to Emacs 22.
-* GNU Free Documentation License:: The license for this documentation
+* GNU Free Documentation License:: The license for this documentation.
* GPL:: Conditions for copying and changing GNU Emacs.
* Tips:: Advice and coding conventions for Emacs Lisp.
* GNU Emacs Internals:: Building and dumping Emacs;
* Some Terms:: Explanation of terms we use in this manual.
* nil and t:: How the symbols @code{nil} and @code{t} are used.
* Evaluation Notation:: The format we use for examples of evaluation.
-* Printing Notation:: The format we use for examples that print output.
+* Printing Notation:: The format we use when examples print text.
* Error Messages:: The format we use for examples of errors.
* Buffer Text Notation:: The format we use for buffer contents in examples.
* Format of Descriptions:: Notation for describing functions, variables, etc.
* Character Type:: The representation of letters, numbers and
control characters.
* Symbol Type:: A multi-use object that refers to a function,
- variable, property list, or itself.
+ variable, or property list, and has a unique identity.
* Sequence Type:: Both lists and arrays are classified as sequences.
* Cons Cell Type:: Cons cells, and lists (which are made from cons cells).
* Array Type:: Arrays include strings and vectors.
Cons Cell and List Types
* Box Diagrams:: Drawing pictures of lists.
-* Dotted Pair Notation:: An alternative syntax for lists.
+* Dotted Pair Notation:: A general syntax for cons cells.
* Association List Type:: A specially constructed list.
String Type
* Buffer Type:: The basic object of editing.
* Marker Type:: A position in a buffer.
-* Window Type:: What makes buffers visible.
+* Window Type:: Buffers are displayed in windows.
* Frame Type:: Windows subdivide frames.
* Terminal Type:: A terminal device displays frames.
* Window Configuration Type:: Recording the way a frame is subdivided.
* Creating Strings:: Functions to allocate new strings.
* Modifying Strings:: Altering the contents of an existing string.
* Text Comparison:: Comparing characters or strings.
-* String Conversion:: Converting characters to strings and vice versa.
+* String Conversion:: Converting to and from characters and strings.
* Formatting Strings:: @code{format}: Emacs's analogue of @code{printf}.
* Case Conversion:: Case conversion functions.
* Case Tables:: Customizing case conversion.
* Creating Hash:: Functions to create hash tables.
* Hash Access:: Reading and writing the hash table contents.
-* Defining Hash:: Defining new comparison methods
+* Defining Hash:: Defining new comparison methods.
* Other Hash:: Miscellaneous.
Symbols
* Processing of Errors:: What Emacs does when you report an error.
* Handling Errors:: How you can trap errors and continue execution.
* Error Symbols:: How errors are classified for trapping them.
-* Standard Errors:: List of all error symbols.
Variables
* Variable Scoping:: How Lisp chooses among local and global values.
* Buffer-Local Variables:: Variable values in effect only in one buffer.
* File Local Variables:: Handling local variable lists in files.
-* Directory Local Variables:: Local variables common to all files in a directory.
+* Directory Local Variables:: Local variables common to all files in a
+ directory.
* Frame-Local Variables:: Frame-local bindings for variables.
* Variable Aliases:: Variables that are aliases for other variables.
* Variables with Restricted Values:: Non-constant variables whose value can
@emph{not} be an arbitrary Lisp object.
-* Standard Buffer-Local Variables::
- List of variables buffer-local in all buffers.
Scoping Rules for Variable Bindings
Functions
-* What Is a Function:: Lisp functions vs primitives; terminology.
+* What Is a Function:: Lisp functions vs. primitives; terminology.
* Lambda Expressions:: How functions are expressed as Lisp objects.
* Function Names:: A symbol can serve as the name of a function.
* Defining Functions:: Lisp expressions for defining functions.
* Calling Functions:: How to use an existing function.
* Mapping Functions:: Applying a function to each element of a list, etc.
-* Anonymous Functions:: Lambda-expressions are functions with no names.
+* Anonymous Functions:: Lambda expressions are functions with no names.
* Function Cells:: Accessing or setting the function definition
of a symbol.
* Obsolete Functions:: Declaring functions obsolete.
-* Inline Functions:: Defining functions that the compiler will open code.
+* Inline Functions:: Defining functions that the compiler
+ will open code.
+* Declaring Functions:: Telling the compiler that a function is defined.
* Function Safety:: Determining whether a function is safe to call.
* Related Topics:: Cross-references to specific Lisp primitives
that have a special bearing on how
* Edebug and Macros:: Specifying how to handle macro calls.
* Edebug Options:: Option variables for customizing Edebug.
+Breaks
+
+* Breakpoints:: Breakpoints at stop points.
+* Global Break Condition:: Breaking on an event.
+* Source Breakpoints:: Embedding breakpoints in source code.
+
+The Outside Context
+
+* Checking Whether to Stop::When Edebug decides what to do.
+* Edebug Display Update:: When Edebug updates the display.
+* Edebug Recursive Edit:: When Edebug stops execution.
+
+Edebug and Macros
+
+* Instrumenting Macro Calls::The basic problem.
+* Specification List:: How to specify complex patterns of evaluation.
+* Backtracking:: What Edebug does when matching fails.
+* Specification Examples:: To help understand specifications.
+
Debugging Invalid Lisp Syntax
* Excess Open:: How to find a spurious open paren or missing close.
* Reading File Names:: Using completion to read file names and
shell commands.
* Completion Styles:: Specifying rules for performing completion.
-* Programmed Completion:: Finding the completions for a given file name.
+* Programmed Completion:: Writing your own completion-function.
Command Loop
* Misc Events:: Other events the system can generate.
* Event Examples:: Examples of the lists for mouse events.
* Classifying Events:: Finding the modifier keys in an event symbol.
+ Event types.
* Accessing Mouse:: Functions to extract info from mouse events.
* Accessing Scroll:: Functions to get info from scroll bar events.
* Strings of Events:: Special considerations for putting
* Controlling Active Maps:: Each buffer has a local keymap
to override the standard (global) bindings.
A minor mode can also override them.
-* Key Lookup:: How extracting elements from keymaps works.
+* Key Lookup:: Finding a key's binding in one keymap.
* Functions for Key Lookup:: How to request key lookup.
* Changing Key Bindings:: Redefining a key in a keymap.
* Remapping Commands:: A keymap can translate one command to another.
* Translation Keymaps:: Keymaps for translating sequences of events.
* Key Binding Commands:: Interactive interfaces for redefining keys.
* Scanning Keymaps:: Looking through all keymaps, for printing help.
-* Menu Keymaps:: A keymap can define a menu for X
- or for use from the terminal.
-* Standard Keymaps:: List of standard keymaps.
-
-Major and Minor Modes
-
-* Hooks:: How to use hooks; how to write code that
- provides hooks.
-* Major Modes:: Defining major modes.
-* Minor Modes:: Defining minor modes.
-* Mode Line Format:: Customizing the text that appears in the mode line.
-* Imenu:: How a mode can provide a menu
- of definitions in the buffer.
-* Font Lock Mode:: How modes can highlight text according to syntax.
-* Desktop Save Mode:: How modes can have buffer state saved between
- Emacs sessions.
+* Menu Keymaps:: Defining a menu as a keymap.
Menu Keymaps
* Desktop Save Mode:: How modes can have buffer state saved between
Emacs sessions.
+Hooks
+
+* Running Hooks:: How to run a hook.
+* Setting Hooks:: How to put functions on a hook, or remove them.
+
Major Modes
* Major Mode Basics::
* Major Mode Conventions:: Coding conventions for keymaps, etc.
-* Example Major Modes:: Text mode and Lisp modes.
* Auto Major Mode:: How Emacs chooses the major mode automatically.
* Mode Help:: Finding out how to use a mode.
* Derived Modes:: Defining a new major mode based on another major
* Generic Modes:: Defining a simple major mode that supports
comment syntax and Font Lock mode.
* Mode Hooks:: Hooks run at the end of major mode functions.
+* Example Major Modes:: Text mode and Lisp modes.
Minor Modes
Mode Line Format
-* Mode Line Basics::
+* Mode Line Basics:: Basic ideas of mode line control.
* Mode Line Data:: The data structure that controls the mode line.
+* Mode Line Top:: The top level variable, mode-line-format.
* Mode Line Variables:: Variables used in that data structure.
* %-Constructs:: Putting information into a mode line.
* Properties in Mode:: Using text properties in the mode line.
Multiline Font Lock Constructs
-* Font Lock Multiline:: Marking multiline chunks with a text property
+* Font Lock Multiline:: Marking multiline chunks with a text property.
* Region to Fontify:: Controlling which region gets refontified
after a buffer change.
* Visiting Files:: Reading files into Emacs buffers for editing.
* Saving Buffers:: Writing changed buffers back into files.
-* Reading from Files:: Reading files into other buffers.
+* Reading from Files:: Reading files into buffers without visiting.
* Writing to Files:: Writing new files from parts of buffers.
* File Locks:: Locking and unlocking files, to prevent
simultaneous editing by two people.
File Names
* File Name Components:: The directory part of a file name, and the rest.
-* Relative File Names:: Some file names are relative to a
- current directory.
+* Relative File Names:: Some file names are relative to a current directory.
* Directory Names:: A directory's name as a directory
is different from its name as a file.
* File Name Expansion:: Converting relative file names to absolute ones.
* Standard File Names:: If your package uses a fixed file name,
how to handle various operating systems simply.
+File Format Conversion
+
+* Format Conversion Overview:: @code{insert-file-contents} and @code{write-region}
+* Format Conversion Round-Trip:: Using @code{format-alist}.
+* Format Conversion Piecemeal:: Specifying non-paired conversion.
+
Backups and Auto-Saving
* Backup Files:: How backup files are made; how their names
* Buffer Basics:: What is a buffer?
* Current Buffer:: Designating a buffer as current
- so primitives will access its contents.
+ so that primitives will access its contents.
* Buffer Names:: Accessing and changing buffer names.
* Buffer File Name:: The buffer file name indicates which file
is visited.
* Input Focus:: Specifying the selected frame.
* Visibility of Frames:: Frames may be visible or invisible, or icons.
* Raising and Lowering:: Raising a frame makes it hide other windows;
- lowering it puts it underneath the others.
+ lowering it makes the others hide it.
* Frame Configurations:: Saving the state of all frames.
* Mouse Tracking:: Getting events that say when the mouse moves.
* Mouse Position:: Asking where the mouse is, or moving it.
* Pop-Up Menus:: Displaying a menu for the user to select from.
* Dialog Boxes:: Displaying a box to ask yes or no.
* Pointer Shape:: Specifying the shape of the mouse pointer.
-* Window System Selections::Transferring text to and from other windows.
+* Window System Selections::Transferring text to and from other X clients.
* Drag and Drop:: Internals of Drag-and-Drop implementation.
* Color Names:: Getting the definitions of color names.
* Text Terminal Colors:: Defining colors for text-only terminals.
* Buffer Parameters:: Which buffers have been or should be shown.
* Management Parameters:: Communicating with the window manager.
* Cursor Parameters:: Controlling the cursor appearance.
-* Font and Color Parameters:: Colors of various parts of the frame.
+* Font and Color Parameters:: Fonts and colors for the frame text.
Positions
* Overview of Markers:: The components of a marker, and how it relocates.
* Predicates on Markers:: Testing whether an object is a marker.
* Creating Markers:: Making empty markers or markers at certain places.
-* Information from Markers::Finding the marker's buffer or character
- position.
+* Information from Markers::Finding the marker's buffer or character position.
* Marker Insertion Types:: Two ways a marker can relocate when you
insert where it points.
* Moving Markers:: Moving the marker to a new buffer or position.
* Yanking:: How yanking is done.
* Yank Commands:: Commands that access the kill ring.
* Low-Level Kill Ring:: Functions and variables for kill ring access.
-* Internals of Kill Ring:: Variables that hold kill-ring data.
+* Internals of Kill Ring:: Variables that hold kill ring data.
Indentation
* Not Intervals:: Why text properties do not use
Lisp-visible text intervals.
-Non-ASCII Characters
+Non-@acronym{ASCII} Characters
-* Text Representations:: Unibyte and multibyte representations
+* Text Representations:: How Emacs represents text.
* Converting Representations:: Converting unibyte to multibyte and vice versa.
* Selecting a Representation:: Treating a byte sequence as unibyte or multi.
* Character Codes:: How unibyte and multibyte relate to
* Low-Level Parsing:: Parsing across a specified region.
* Control Parsing:: Parameters that affect parsing.
-Abbrevs And Abbrev Expansion
+Abbrevs and Abbrev Expansion
* Abbrev Mode:: Setting up Emacs for abbreviation.
* Abbrev Tables:: Creating and working with abbrev tables.
* Abbrev Files:: Saving abbrevs in files.
* Abbrev Expansion:: Controlling expansion; expansion subroutines.
* Standard Abbrev Tables:: Abbrev tables used by various major modes.
+* Abbrev Properties:: How to read and set abbrev properties.
+ Which properties have which effect.
+* Abbrev Table Properties:: How to read and set abbrev table properties.
+ Which properties have which effect.
Processes
* Datagrams:: UDP network connections.
* Low-Level Network:: Lower-level but more general function
to create connections and servers.
-* Misc Network:: Additional relevant functions for network connections.
+* Misc Network:: Additional relevant functions for
+ network connections.
* Serial Ports:: Communicating with serial ports.
* Byte Packing:: Using bindat to pack and unpack binary data.
Low-Level Network Access
-* Proc: Network Processes. Using @code{make-network-process}.
-* Options: Network Options. Further control over network connections.
-* Features: Network Feature Testing.
- Determining which network features work on
+* Network Processes:: Using @code{make-network-process}.
+* Network Options:: Further control over network connections.
+* Network Feature Testing:: Determining which network features work on
the machine you are using.
Packing and Unpacking Byte Arrays
* Buttons:: Adding clickable buttons to Emacs buffers.
* Abstract Display:: Emacs' Widget for Object Collections.
* Blinking:: How Emacs shows the matching open parenthesis.
-* Usual Display:: The usual conventions for displaying nonprinting chars.
+* Usual Display:: The usual conventions for displaying
+ nonprinting chars.
* Display Tables:: How to specify other conventions.
* Beeping:: Audible signal to the user.
* Window Systems:: Which window system is being used.
Reporting Warnings
* Warning Basics:: Warnings concepts and functions to report them.
-* Warning Variables:: Variables programs bind to customize their warnings.
+* Warning Variables:: Variables programs bind to customize
+ their warnings.
* Warning Options:: Variables users set to control display of warnings.
Overlays
and information about them.
* Fontsets:: A fontset is a collection of fonts
that handle a range of character sets.
-* Low-Level Font:: Lisp representation of character display fonts.
+* Low-Level Font:: Lisp representation for character display fonts.
Fringes
The @code{display} Property
+* Replacing Specs:: Display specs that replace the text.
* Specified Space:: Displaying one space with a specified width.
* Pixel Specification:: Specifying space width or height in pixels.
* Other Display Specs:: Displaying an image; magnifying text; moving it
Images
+* Image Formats:: Supported image formats.
* Image Descriptors:: How to specify an image for use in @code{:display}.
* XBM Images:: Special features for XBM format.
* XPM Images:: Special features for XPM format.
* GIF Images:: Special features for GIF format.
+* TIFF Images:: Special features for TIFF format.
* PostScript Images:: Special features for PostScript format.
* Other Image Types:: Various other formats are supported.
* Defining Images:: Convenient ways to define an image for later use.
Operating System Interface
-* Starting Up:: Customizing Emacs start-up processing.
+* Starting Up:: Customizing Emacs startup processing.
* Getting Out:: How exiting works (permanent or temporary).
* System Environment:: Distinguish the name and kind of system.
* User Identification:: Finding the name and user id of the user.
* Time of Day:: Getting the current time.
-* Time Conversion:: Converting a time from numeric form to a string, or
- to calendrical data (or vice versa).
+* Time Conversion:: Converting a time from numeric form to
+ calendrical data and vice versa.
* Time Parsing:: Converting a time from numeric form to text
and vice versa.
* Processor Run Time:: Getting the run time used by Emacs.
* Time Calculations:: Adding, subtracting, comparing times, etc.
-* Timers:: Setting a timer to call a function at a certain time.
+* Timers:: Setting a timer to call a function at a
+ certain time.
* Idle Timers:: Setting a timer to call a function when Emacs has
been idle for a certain length of time.
* Terminal Input:: Accessing and recording terminal input.
* Sound Output:: Playing sounds on the computer's speaker.
* X11 Keysyms:: Operating on key symbols for X Windows
* Batch Mode:: Running Emacs without terminal interaction.
-* Session Management:: Saving and restoring state with X Session Management.
+* Session Management:: Saving and restoring state with
+ X Session Management.
Starting Up Emacs
-* Startup Summary:: Sequence of actions Emacs performs at start-up.
-* Init File:: Details on reading the init file (@file{.emacs}).
+* Startup Summary:: Sequence of actions Emacs performs at startup.
+* Init File:: Details on reading the init file.
* Terminal-Specific:: How the terminal-specific Lisp file is read.
* Command-Line Arguments:: How command-line arguments are processed,
and how you can customize them.
@c include compile.texi
@c include advice.texi
+@c This includes edebug.texi.
@c include debugging.texi
@c include streams.texi
@c include minibuf.texi
projects / emacs.git / commitdiff