Don’t ignore -Wclobbered in eval.c

Don’t ignore -Wclobbered in eval.c

This fix is also prompted by Emacs bug#71744.
* src/eval.c (CACHEABLE): Remove.  All uses removed.
Do not ignore -Wclobbered.
(internal_lisp_condition_case): Fix violations of the C standard,
where setjmp clobbered oldhandlerlist, var, and clauses.
Rewrite to pacify GCC, by using a sentinel rather than a count,
which GCC incorrectly complained about, and by coalescing some
duplicate code.  If GCC_LINT && __GNUC__ && !__clang__ add a useless
assignment to pacify GCC.

(cherry picked from commit 1282714da55cd4bbc1c7f2e49edeb43503427e5e)