CC Mode: Fix fontification problems shown by test file templates-20.cc

CC Mode: Fix fontification problems shown by test file templates-20.cc

Also fix one problem evident in test file decls-10.cc.

* lisp/progmodes/cc-engine.el (c-brace-stack-at): Bind
c-record-type-identifiers to nil to prevent called functions recording
identifiers spuriously.
(c-forward-<>-arglist-recur): Revert the ill-advised optimization from autumn
2022 which attempted to avoid re-marking c-type text properties inside angle
bracket arglists.
(c-forward-decl-or-cast-1): Accept the semicolon at the end of "t8 * id;" as
sufficient evidence to fontify as a declaration (not a multiplication).

* lisp/progmodes/cc-fonts.el (c-font-lock-c++-using): No longer fontify the
last component of foo::bar with c-reference-face-name.