On GNU/Linux, use timerfd for asynchronous timers.

On GNU/Linux, use timerfd for asynchronous timers.
* configure.ac (toplevel): Check whether GNU/Linux-specific
timerfd functions and macros are available.
* m4/clock_time.m4 (gl_CLOCK_TIME): Check for clock_getres as well.
* src/atimer.c (toplevel) [HAVE_TIMERFD]: Include sys/timerfd.h.
(toplevel): Rename alarm_timer_ok to special_timer_available.
[HAVE_TIMERFD]: Declare timerfd.
[HAVE_CLOCK_GETRES]: Declare resolution.
(start_atimer) [HAVE_CLOCK_GETRES]: Round up timestamp to
system timer resolution.
(set_alarm) [HAVE_TIMERFD]: Use timerfd_settime.
(timerfd_callback) [HAVE_TIMERFD]: New function.
(atimer_result, debug_timer_callback, Fdebug_timer_check)
[ENABLE_CHECKING]: New function for the sake of automated tests.
(init_atimer) [HAVE_TIMERFD]: Setup timerfd.
[HAVE_CLOCK_GETRES]: Likewise for system timer resolution.
[ENABLE_CHECKING]: Defsubr test function.
* src/atimer.h (timerfd_callback) [HAVE_TIMERFD]: Add prototype.
* src/lisp.h (add_timer_wait_descriptor) [HAVE_TIMERFD]: Likewise.
* src/process.c (add_timer_wait_descriptor) [HAVE_TIMERFD]: New function.
* test/automated/timer-tests.el (timer-tests-debug-timer-check): New test.