Fix regexp character class syntax property ghost matching bug

Fix regexp character class syntax property ghost matching bug

The syntax-table-dependent regexp character classes [:space:],
[:word:] and [:punct:] always use the buffer-local syntax table for
performance reasons.  Fix a bug that could cause ghost (mis)matches
from use of lingering state by constructs that do use syntax
properties, such as `\sX`.

* src/regex-emacs.c (BUFFER_SYNTAX): New macro.
(ISPUNCT, ISSPACE, ISWORD): Use BUFFER_SYNTAX instead of SYNTAX.
(regex_compile): Delete syntax table setup code that is no longer
needed.
* test/src/regex-emacs-tests.el (regex-emacs-syntax-properties):
New regression test.