Add treesit-simple-indent-standalone-predicate (bug#74386)

Add treesit-simple-indent-standalone-predicate (bug#74386)

* lisp/treesit.el:
(treesit-simple-indent-standalone-predicate): New variable.
(treesit-simple-indent-presets): Use the predicate.
(treesit-simple-indent-presets): Update docstring.
* lisp/progmodes/c-ts-common.el:
(c-ts-common--standalone-parent):
(c-ts-common--prev-standalone-sibling): Use the predicate if
non-nil.  Also, handle method chaining by default.
* doc/lispref/modes.texi (Parser-based Indentation): Add
documentation.

(cherry picked from commit 4b020b936c5adf472319d1ea253c85c5ee54135f)