Fix typescript-ts-mode tenary indentation (bug#77901)

Fix typescript-ts-mode tenary indentation (bug#77901)

Fixes indentation for nested ternary expressions:

const a = cond1 ? 1 :
  cond2 ? 2 :
  cond3 ? 3 :
  cond 4: 5;

instead of

const a = cond1 ? 1 :
  cond2 ? 2 :
    cond3 ? 3 :
      cond 4: 5;

* lisp/progmodes/typescript-ts-mode.el:
(typescript-ts--standalone-parent-p): New function.
(typescript-ts-mode):
(tsx-ts-mode): Use new function.

(cherry picked from commit 8d132359d19b8efbdbd17786fa67c0c20efba35b)