cl-types: Integrate into CL-Lib

cl-types: Integrate into CL-Lib

* lisp/emacs-lisp/cl-extra.el (cl--type-unique, cl-types-of)
(cl--type-dispatch-list, cl--type-generalizer): Move to `cl-extra.el`.
(cl--type-generalizers): New function extracted from "cl-types-of"
method of `cl-generic-generalizers`.

* lisp/emacs-lisp/cl-lib.el (cl-generic-generalizers): New method to
dispatch on derived types.  Use `cl--type-generalizers`.

* lisp/emacs-lisp/cl-macs.el (cl-deftype): Move from `cl-types.el`
and rename from `cl-deftype2`.
(extended-char): Tweak definition to fix bootstrapping issues.

* lisp/emacs-lisp/cl-preloaded.el (cl--type-list, cl-type-class)
(cl--type-deftype): Move from `cl-types.el`.

* lisp/emacs-lisp/oclosure.el (oclosure): Don't abuse `cl-deftype` to
register the predicate function.

* test/lisp/emacs-lisp/cl-extra-tests.el: Move tests from
`cl-type-tests.el`.

(cherry picked from commit fc4d8ce9514dd45ab34dbef6f023347b42ee9fef)